Obesity!!!

Obesity, is the man who owns the excess fatty tissue and the value of the body mass index (BMI) has over 30. The body mass index (BMI) is an index measures the weight compared with height. May have excess fatty tissue, serious health consequences such as diabetes, high blood pressure and high level of fat in the blood.

That obesity is one of the most common medical conditions in Western society today, and the most difficult in terms of the treatment of obesity and response. No, relatively speaking, achieving little progress in the treatment of obesity (except for a lifestyle change), but has been collecting a lot of information about the medical consequences of obesity case.

Obesity reasons:

Obesity has been until recently linked to a lazy lifestyle (based on seating) and excess consumption of calories continuously. Today, however, well known that these two factors are important for the occurrence of obesity, but there are also different genetic factors play a role in obesity.

As proof, the adoptive children see obesity pattern similar to the pattern that we see with the biological parents, more than that, that we see with their adoptive parents. The research also showed twin, having the effect of genetic factors on body mass index (BMI) greater than the effect of environmental factors on it.

The estimate is that it can be attributed the cause of between 40% - 70% of obesity for different genetic factors, not environmental factors or lifestyle.

The research also showed the mice, the presence of 5 genes linked to appetite, these are the genes that lead to obesity. That these genes are also present in humans. That one of the basic genetic factors in obesity, is a hormone leptin (Leptin).

Believe today, that obesity is a mix of specific genes, not only as a result of a defect in a single gene. The increase in obesity in the past decades, mainly due to the environmental impact, such as lifestyle and dietary habits.
Complications of obesity
Obesity linked to higher rates of mortality and morbidity.

There are a large number of diseases that are more common in people who suffer from obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes type 2, the high level of fats in the blood, coronary artery disease, and degenerative joint disease and mental disorders - social.

It should be noted, that patients who suffer from obesity, often also suffer from metabolic syndrome (Metabolic syndrome) which includes 3 or more of the following symptoms: The circumference of a big belly, high blood pressure, high level of fats in the blood, and high levels of sugar in the blood During fasting, and low levels of HDL (low levels of good cholesterol).

In addition, there is a link to obesity following diseases: cancer of the bowel, ovarian and breast cancer, the occurrence of emboli (Emboli) and excessive of (Hypercoagulability), Digestive Disease (bag gallbladder disease, heartburn) and various skin disorders.

Be women who suffer from obesity during pregnancy, are more vulnerable to the risk of complications of childbirth and pregnancy.

More obese suffer from lung disease, endocrine disorders (Endocrine disorders) different, such as sleep apnea (Sleep apnea) and in hormone secretion disorders.

Diagnosis of obesity
As mentioned earlier, the knowledge of obesity Cansjh excess fat. Measuring the amount of fat in the body accurately, is complicated and need for a professional evaluation. Although, it can be through a simple physical examination, easily detected the presence of excess fat. Provides us with a body mass index (BMI) is relatively good grade, the amount of fatty tissue (in people who are not with a very large muscle structure, such as professional bodybuilding athletes). BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters.

Denote the values ​​of body mass index (BMI):
18.5-24.9-normal weight.

 25-29.9-overweight.

 30-34.9-obesity class 1.

35-39.9 obesity class 2.
More than 40 means obese.

That obesity upper (central obesity), ie the accumulation of excess fat in the abdominal area, and above the waist (abdominal circumference of more than 102 cm in men and above 88 cm in women), are of medical importance is greater than the obesity Lower, any accumulation of excess fat in the buttocks and thighs .

People who suffer from obesity upper, more vulnerable to the risk of developing diabetes, stroke and cardiac artery disease and premature death, the proportion of people with lower obesity.

Treatment of obesity:

Techniques can follow different diets, which leads to weight loss and excess fatty tissue. Studies have shown that only 20% of patients, are able to treat and remove 6 kg of weight, and maintain the new weight for two years.

Help for people with food, for the treatment of obesity is similar to ordinary people:

 - Eating too much unprocessed food that is given in the food system.

 - Reducing the consumption of fat, sugar and alcohol.

  - Eating foods rich in fiber.

There were not, according to research, a great advantage and a healthy way of treating obesity is on its way of other ways to treat obesity.

But there is great importance to educate patients for the treatment of obesity, regarding how to plan early for the daily menu, registration and meals that have been addressed, Education is in the behavioral treatment of obesity is a foundation stone on the way to lose weight the right way.

The exercise is necessary to maintain the weight loss and treatment of obesity in the long term. Physical activity causes an increase in the consumption of calories in the body.

It is important to point out and emphasize, that exercise alone lead to lose a little weight. The main advantage of the exercise, it is because it helps in maintaining weight loss over time. Recommended Today, the exercise of moderate physical activity - strained for an hour a day for the treatment of obesity.

Pharmacological treatment of obesity:

Approved on a very small number of drugs for the treatment of obesity, which need a prescription, which is recommended for weight loss. Drugs are recommended as part of a comprehensive treatment program, not as the only way to lose weight and treatment of obesity.

The medicines that are given today is Rcanutal the (Silbutramine), which studies have shown it leads to loss of 5 kg during 6-12 months, and medicine Alaorlystadt (Orlistat), which leads to a loss of 4 kg within 6-12 months.

It should be noted that there are Pharmaceuticals many side effects: May cause Alrcanutal, dry mouth, constipation, dizziness, insomnia, has cause diarrhea Alaorlystadt and occurrence of various disorders in the digestive tract.

Surgical treatment:

That people who are obese and have a body mass index have more than 40, they can be subject to different surgical procedures in the stomach (shortened balloon, etc.), which leads to weight loss.

But the decline in weight, which is estimated at about 50% of the weight of the patient first, accompanied by serious side effects and complications of the surgery, such as: infection of the peritoneum, the stones in the biliary tract, hyper  and serious nutritional disorders, with different vitamin deficiency. Research also show that approximately 40% of patients will suffer from postoperative complications.

Conclusion:

Obesity has become more common and increasingly. This phenomenon involves many injuries, in the quality of life and the average age of a person who suffers from obesity. Today, there are many ways to treat obesity and weight loss, the basic principle on which these methods in the treatment of obesity, is to follow a healthy lifestyle, which includes exercise and a healthy diet and balanced. Can, in extreme cases, the use of medication or surgery, but it is advisable not to put the access needed to do these procedures for the treatment of obesity.